by sniglet » Wed Jan 21, 2009 7:12 am
Most banks are technically insolvent, and the only reason they haven't already been seized by regulators is because the government simply doesn't want to take on the ENORMOUS cost of picking up the difference between the assets and liabilities of these institutions. Just look at how much more costly the seizure of IndyMac has proven to be than originally anticipated.
Banks generally are much more thinly capitalized than people realize, and it doesn't take a huge amount of bad loans to drive them into insolvency. Unfortunately, the majority of banks today haven't acknowledged, or written off, all the non-performing assets on their books. There is substantial evidence that banks have been playing games with their books (e.g. delaying foreclosures, etc), to avoid having to officially book losses. Regulators have been turning a blind eye to these shenanigans because the consequences of having half the financial institutions in the world just go bust is too great to contemplate.
Actually, chartered banks are legally allowed to use false values for assets in their financial reports, since they don't have to use current market values. Instead of listing a mortgage security at 20 cents on the dollar (it's current market price), banks can claim the security is still worth a full dollar since they plan on holding it to maturity. This ability to use loose accounting rules is one big reason that all the surviving investment banks transformed themselves into chartered institutions. When Goldman Sachs was an investment bank they had to use mark-to-market accounting, now they they are a chartered institution they are free to blithely fudge their books.
The government really only has two choices over the next few years: allow the majority of financial institutions to go bust, and force depositors to take massive losses or nationalize the banks and socialize the losses. In the end, I think that governments will eventually have to just allow banks to fail, and depositors to lose their savings. The magnitude of costs involved in a complete nationalization are so huge that even an interventionist government can't pull it off.
Here is an article by Nouriel Roubini, claiming that banks are insolvent.